Chemical Characterization of Pope Pius VII Ancient Ecclesiastical Vestment by a Multi-Analytical Approach

Chemical Characterization of Pope Pius VII Ancient Ecclesiastical Vestment by a Multi-Analytical Approach

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This paper presents a multi-analytical investigation performed for the study of the ecclesiastical vestment, with insignia, of Pope Pius VII, painted from ANÁLISIS DE LA DISCLOSURE DE LOS REQUERIMIENTOS DE PAGOS PÚBLICOS: INFLUENCIA DE LA LEGISLACIÓN Y FUNDAMENTOS DE LA TEORÍA CONTABLE the end of the 18th up to the beginning of the 19th century, made of five clothing elements: chasuble, stole, maniple, chalice veil and purse.The aim of this research was to assess the conservation state of the silk and painted backgrounds; to define the manufacturing technique of the work; to localize, if present, the underdrawing and any retouching; to identify the pigments and, where possible, the binders used.A diagnostic protocol was developed based on preliminary investigations through multiband imaging techniques known as MBI (visible, ultraviolet-induced visible luminescence (UVL), near-infrared reflected (NIR) and infrared reflected false color (IRRFC) photography).The images acquired with MBI techniques ensured a more specific choice of spots to be analyzed directly in situ by non-invasive techniques.

In particular, portable digital optical microscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were performed.Two fragments detached from the chasuble were also analyzed by microFT-IR, microRaman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Application of the multi-analytical protocol enabled the materials used to be characterized and helped to define the peculiar execution technique used.The presence of an underdrawing A Study of Deep Neural Network Controller-Based Power Quality Improvement of Hybrid PV/Wind Systems by Using Smart Inverter made with a carbon pencil was highlighted by MBI.

Red lakes, iron-based pigments and copper-based pigments have been identified on the painting palette, applied with arabic gum as a binder.